45號無縫鋼管工藝流程
45號無縫鋼管的生產工藝流程包括坯料軋前準備、管坯加熱、穿孔、軋制、定減徑、鋼管冷卻、鋼管切頭尾、分段、矯直、探傷、人工檢查、噴標打印、打捆包裝等基本工序。當今熱軋無縫鋼管生產一(yi)般主要變形(xing)工序有三個:穿孔、軋管和定減徑,其各自的工藝目的和要求(qiu)如下。
1 穿孔
穿孔是(shi)將實心(xin)的管(guan)(guan)坯穿制(zhi)成空心(xin)的毛管(guan)(guan),其設備被(bei)稱為(wei)穿孔機(ji):對穿孔工藝的要求是(shi):
(1)要保證穿(chuan)出的(de)毛管壁厚均勻,橢圓(yuan)度小,幾何尺寸精(jing)度高;
(2)毛管的(de)內外表(biao)面較光滑,不得有(you)結疤、折疊、裂紋等缺陷;
(3)要(yao)有相應的穿孔(kong)速度(du)和(he)軋鍘周期,以(yi)適應整個(ge)機(ji)組的生產節奏,使毛管的終軋溫度(du)能滿足(zu)軋管機(ji)的要(yao)求。
2 軋管
軋(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)是將穿孔后(hou)的(de)厚(hou)壁(bi)毛(mao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)壓成(cheng)(cheng)薄壁(bi)的(de)荒管(guan)(guan)(guan),以達到成(cheng)(cheng)品管(guan)(guan)(guan)所要(yao)求(qiu)的(de)熱尺寸和(he)均勻性。即根據(ju)后(hou)續工(gong)序(xu)減(jian)(jian)徑量和(he)經驗公式確定本工(gong)序(xu)荒管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)壁(bi)厚(hou)植進行壁(bi)厚(hou)的(de)加工(gong),該設備被(bei)稱為軋(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)。對軋(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)工(gong)藝的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)是:(1)將厚(hou)壁(bi)毛(mao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)薄壁(bi)荒管(guan)(guan)(guan)(減(jian)(jian)壁(bi)延伸)時首先(xian)要(yao)保證荒管(guan)(guan)(guan)具(ju)有較高的(de)壁(bi)厚(hou)均勻度;
(2)荒管具(ju)有(you)良好(hao)的內外表面質(zhi)量。軋管機的選型及(ji)其與穿孔工序之間變形(xing)量的合理匹(pi)配,是決(jue)定機組產(chan)品質(zhi)量、產(chan)量和技術經濟(ji)指標好(hao)壞的關鍵。
3 定(ding)減(jian)(jian)徑(包(bao)括張減(jian)(jian))
定減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)主要(yao)作用是消除前道(dao)工序軋制(zhi)過程中(zhong)造成的(de)(de)(de)荒管(guan)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)不一,以提高熱軋成品管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)外(wai)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)精度和(he)真圓度。減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)是將大管(guan)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)縮減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)到要(yao)求的(de)(de)(de)規格尺寸和(he)精度。www.5310g.com張(zhang)力減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)是在前后機(ji)架張(zhang)力的(de)(de)(de)作用下進行減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)徑(jing)(jing)(jing),同時(shi)進行減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)壁。定減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)設(she)備為定(減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian))徑(jing)(jing)(jing)機(ji)。對定減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)工藝(yi)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求是:
(1)在一(yi)定的總減徑率和較小的單機架減徑率條件下來達到定徑目的;
(2)可實(shi)現使用(yong)一種規(gui)格(ge)管坯生產多種規(gui)格(ge)成品管的任務;
(3)進一步改善(shan)鋼管的(de)外表面質(zhi)量(liang)。